Medical Engineering & eHealth: Curriculum

Course description

- The students design, handle, and finish a relatively complex cooperative project as a team in the field of biomedical engineering - They produce well-formed project plans and documents, a scientific paper and a poster. They present and discuss their work

Methodology

Groups of students finish a joint project independently, under guidance from lecturers and with external cooperation They observe guidelines and principles of project management, and produce the necessary documents and project outcomes to reach the final goal of their project

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• plan a project for a team (requirements analysis, project structure, milestones)
• handle the project autonomously
• work on tasks using the methods of science and to document the results
• implement a project for an external project sponsor
• [WIAM03] justify a research question after identifying the current state of the art with regard to scientific considerations, formulate the question comprehensibly and to define verifiable target criteria
• [WIAM04] plan the phases of a scientic study, conduct it precisely, document it comprehensibly, and to ensure the comprehensibility, dependability, plausibility and transferability other problems areas and contexts

Course contents

• Specific biomedical engineering knowledge, skills and methods necessary as required by the project
• Problem analysis, developing concepts, evaluating problem solution approaches
• Project management and documentation
• Scientific working

Prerequisites

Basic engineering / medical knowledge and skills in agreement with the project supervisor

Literature

• Templates
• topic specific literature

Assessment methods

• Repetitive project meetings with the responsible supervisor
• Project documentation (Documentation)
• 2 pages paper (Paper)
• Final Presentation

Anmerkungen

The work in this project will go on in the oncoming semester in the course “Project Related Teamwork 2”

Course description

In the course the students get to know main principles of leading teams.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain the role of leadership in the different stages of team development (for example by Tuckman) and to derive relevant leading actions (for example directive leadership in the forming phase).
• diagnose dynamics in project teams using models (for example Rank Dynamics, Drama Triangle, TZI) and to develop and argue case-related concrete opportunities for activities (for example delegation of responsibilty, critical discussion).

Course contents

• Leadership functions and tasks
• Leadership tools in project teams
• Role conflicts "colleague" and "project leader"
• Leading without formal power and competence
• Overview of theories to group dynamics
• Conflicts and difficult situations in leading project teams

Prerequisites

none

Literature

• Berkun, S. (2005): The Art of Project Management, Sebastopol: O’Reilly Media
• Cronenbroeck, W. (2008): Projektmanagement, Berlin: Cornelsen Verlag [bilingual book: in English and German]
• Haeske, U. (2008): Teamentwicklung, Berlin: Cornelsen Verlag, [bilingual book: in English and German]

Assessment methods

• Reflection paper (grade)

Anmerkungen

none

Course description

The course provides an overview on workflows in healthcare systems especially at healthcare providers. It introduces typical examples of workflows with an emphasis on distributed and shared workflows.

Methodology

Lectures, visits to healthcare provider sites, self guided research

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• describe workflows in healthcare as requirements from a technical point of view
• evaluate existing and design new workflows using relevant literature (e.g. standards, clinical guidelines, research publications, product documentation)
• consider views of different stakeholders (doctors, care persons, other care providers, patients, administration, ...) in projects

Course contents

• Discussion of example workflows (Admission and discharge between GPs, resident care organisations and hospitals, radiology and laboratory workflows, use and maintenance of medical devices, clinical paths, …)
• elements ad methods for documenting workflows (goals, results, contributions, roles, use cases, …)
• on site visits to healthcare providers

Prerequisites

none

Literature

• 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Clyde W. Yancy, Mariell Jessup, Biykem Bozkurt, Javed Butler, Donald E. Casey, Jr, Mark H. Drazner, Gregg C. Fonarow, Stephen A. Geraci, Tamara Horwich, James L. Januzzi, Maryl R. Johnson, Edward K. Kasper, Wayne C. Levy, Frederick A. Masoudi, Patrick E. McBride, John J.V. McMurray, Judith E. Mitchell, Pamela N. Peterson, Barbara Riegel, Flora Sam, Lynne W. Stevenson, W.H. Wilson Tang, Emily J. Tsai and Bruce L. Wilkoff. Circulation, 2013;128:e240-e327; originally published online June 5, 2013
• doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31829e8776, online (24.10.2014) http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/128/16/e240
• Connor, M. J. & Connor, M. J. Missing elements revisited: information engineering for managing quality of care for patients with diabetes. J Diabetes Sci Technol, iAbetics Inc., Menlo Park, California, USA., 2010, 4, 1276-1283
• Shepherd, M.; Painter, F. R.; Dyro, J. F. & Baretich, M. F.: Identification of human errors during device-related accident investigations.IEEE_M_EMB, 23, 2004, 66-72.
• IHE Laboratory Technical Framework, Volume 1 (www.ihe.net).
• IHE Radiology Technical Framework Volume 1 (www.ihe.net).
• see course materials

Assessment methods

• 3-10 pages workflow paper

Course description

We aim at conveying the narrative and language-related criteria and methods required for writing documents, and for leading and participating in discussions on current issues and topics in the Biomedical Engineering profession.

Methodology

Seminar

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• structure and write various types of documents using narrative and language-related criteria and methods;
• lead a professional discussion in English, i.e. to apply appropriate language and techniques for effective formulation of questions, moderation, summarizing etc.

Course contents

• Formal, narrative and language requirements for writing various types of documents
• Language and techniques for leading a professional discussion
• Choosing, researching, presenting and leading a discussion on an appropriate professional topic

Prerequisites

Common European Framework of Reference for Languages Level B2

Literature

• Göschka, M. et al (2014) Guidelines for Scientific Writing
• Harvard Business Review 20-Minute Manager Series: Running Meetings
• Additional current handouts

Assessment methods

• Active participation in class activities and timely completion of assignments

Course description

Students will get a broad overview of corporate management

Methodology

Lecture: Discussion and examples Seminar: Seminar paper, discussion and examples Webinar, video calls

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• Students: • are able to analyse financial reports of companies according to managerial standards. • are familiar with common financial ratios and their interpretation. • can determine the cost of capital and the capital structure of a company • can calculate the value of a company • know how to apply risk management tools

Course contents

• • Value oriented management o Capital budgeting (NPV, IRR, etc.) o Financial ratios o Financial ratio systems (DuPont, BSC) o Value oriented ratios (EVA, CVA, MVA) o Interpretation of financial ratios • Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) • Company valuation • Capital structure decisions • Business Modeling o Introduction to forecasting o Statistical methods o Scenario analysis • Risk management

Prerequisites

none

Literature

• • Dr. Karl Knezourek, Slides for the lecture, 2020 • Graham Friend, Stefan Zehle, Guide to Business Planning, The Economist Newspaper Ltd., latest edition (Ch. 14 and 17) • Eugene F. Brigham, Michael C. Erhardt, Financial Management – Theory and Practice, latest edition • Pablo Fernandez, Company Valuation Methods, 2004

Assessment methods

• Seminar paper (30%), written exam (70%)

Course description

In this lecture the students will get an overview of the structure of the EU and its institutions. They will learn how to independently solve cases that are submitted to the ECJ.

Methodology

The lecture includes the presentation and plenty of opportunity for discussion.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• solving cases on their own so that they know how to solve legal problems in their jobs.

Course contents

• EU institutions, types of lawsuits, legal bases, structure of laws

Prerequisites

No previous knowledge is necessary.

Literature

• It is necessary to have worked through my script, which is available in moodle, for the exam.

Anmerkungen

none

Course description

This course gives a practical introduction into IHE Technical Frameworks (TF). We will start by examining the IHE landscape of technical frameworks (Focused on IT-Infrastructure TF). Tools are presented and applied, which are needed in order to fulfill requirements defined by the different IHE profiles. The single assignments will sum up to a project showing a real-world implementation of communicating/storing/accessing medical information in the growing field of eHealth.

Methodology

Short-Presentations (lecturer)Project work (in groups)

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• plan and implement a basic Client – Server Architecture
• analyse and implement IHE PCD Profile and the use of HL7 v2
• analyse and implement IHE XDS Document Source
• establish and integrate and CDA document within an XDS Environment
• develop an ATNA client to send audit messages to an open source ATNA

Course contents

• Continua Health Alliance Architecture for including medical device data in Electronic Health RecordsStandards/Basic Technologies:
• HL7 v2, v3 (CDA)
• Web Services: Http, Soap, WSDL
• XML: XSD, XML-Parser, O/X - Mapper

Prerequisites

Fundamentals and Understanding of object-oriented programming (used OOP-language and IDE: Java, Eclipse)

Literature

• Teaching materials in the campus system
• IHE ITI-Technical Frameworks Vol 1-4
• IHE DEC-Technical Frameworks Vol 1-2
• Moodle links

Assessment methods

• Continuous assessment
• Project presentations and project report

Course description

The course provides knowledge of different rehabilitation issues in different areas of application.

Methodology

Lectures and group discussions, Laboratory Course Rehabilitation Engineering, Workshops

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• define rehabilitation
• describe the roles of the different members of rehabilitation teams and the processes within the teams
• explain rehabilitation within different medical fields
• describe active and passive methods of rehabilitation and physical medicine
• describe the role of biomedical engineers within rehabilitation teams
• know the basics of prostethics and orthotics.

Course contents

• Physical Medicine
• Rehabilitation
• Rehabilitation team
• Telerehabilitation
• Biofeedback
• Orthopedics
• Prosthetics
• Orthotics
• Gait Analysis
• Reha@home

Prerequisites

- Physiology- Anatomy

Literature

• See course material in moodle

Assessment methods

• Multiple Choice Moodle Exam, presentation

Course description

The course focuses on IHE Technical Frameworks (Used in ELGA) and touches Continua Healthy Alliance Guidelines for establishing standardized, interoperable and future proof medical information systems.

Methodology

Lectures, discussions and group work, self organised work on given topics

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• use the basic terminologies of IHE
• explain the processes of the IHE Connectathon and the requirements
• describe the difference between all XDR, XDM and XDS and their interrelation
• describe the IHE Cross-Community Profiles work (based on XCA, XCPD)
• describe Identity Management in IHE (based on PIX, PDQ)
• describe the basics of IT-Security according IHE Security Profiles (CT, ATNA, XUA, BPPC)
• describe the Architecture and Security Requirements of ELGA

Course contents

• IHE/HL7/IEEE/Continua terminologies
• General understanding of IHE
• Document Exchange Profiles
• IT-Security Profiles
• PHR/EHR Integration
• Clinical Document Architecture

Prerequisites

- Basic programming skills - Basic concepts of healthcare

Literature

• Teaching materials in the campus system
• http://ihe.net/Technical_Frameworks/
• http://www.continuaalliance.org/
• http://elga.gv.at/
• Moodle Links

Assessment methods

• exercises in groups
• Final Exam

Course description

This course provides basic knowledge of cardiovascular system dynamics, in particular focusing on the numerical modeling of cardiac pathophysiology and mechanical circulatory assistance.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain the basics of cardiovascular system dynamics
• explain the basics of modeling of dynamical systems using analogies
• solve (numerically) differential equations that model cardiovascular systems using Simulink
• autonomously build numerical models of the cardiovascular system

Course contents

• Selection from:
• Introduction to blood flow hydrodynamics
• Introduction to cardiac and vascular biomechanics
• Introduction into compartmental models modeling through analogies
• Modeling of cardiac mechanics
• Modeling of vascular mechanics
• Modeling of lung mechanics
• Modeling of ventricular assist devices and cardiovascular interaction

Prerequisites

- Basic knowledge of Matlab and Simulink- Basic understanding of first and second order linear ordinary differential equations- Basics of cardiovascular anatomy and physiology

Literature

• BOOKS (comprehensive references marked with *):
• Guyton AC, Hall JE. (2006) Textbook of medical physiology. 11th ed. Elsevier Saunders. *
• Milnor WR. (1989) Hemodynamics. 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins.
• Nichols WW, O’Rourke MF. (2005) McDonald’s blood flow in arteries. 5th ed. Hodder Arnold.
• Sagawa K, Maughan L, Suga H, Sunagawa K. (1988) Cardiac Contraction and the Pressure-Volume Relationship. Oxford Univ. Press.
• Scherf HE. Modellbildung und Simulation dynamischer Systeme (2007). 3. Auflage. Oldenburg Verlag. *
• Werner J (2014) Biomedizinische Techink - Automatisierte Therapiesysteme. Band 9. De Gruyter. *
• West JB. (2008) Respiratory physiology: the essentials. 8th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
• Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow R, Braunwald E. (2004) Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 7th ed. Saunders.PAPERS:
• Carabello BA. Evolution of the study of left ventricular function: Everything old is new again. 2002 Circulation 105(23):2701-3.
• Westerhof N, Lankhaar JW, Westerhof BE. The arterial Windkessel. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2009;47(2):131-41.ONLINE DOCUMENTS (very informative about the key concepts of cardiovascular dynamics):
• Burkhoff D. 2002. Mechanical Properties Of The Heart And Its Interaction With The Vascular System. Columbia University, NY (www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/medical/heartsim/review.pdf)
• Mark RG. 2004. CARDIOVASCULAR MECHANICS I, II, III. MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/health-sciences-and-technology/hst-542j-quantitative-physiology-organ-transport-systems-spring-2004/readings/cardio_mech.pdf)

Assessment methods

• Intermediate assignments requiring a written report of the student work
• Final written exam

Course description

Electric behaviour of cells and tissues under the influence of electromagnetic fields and their possible application in medicine.

Methodology

Lecture

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain the electric behaviour of cells and tissues under the influence of electromagnetic fields
• explain applications of electrophysiology and bioimpedance in medicine on examples
• point out potentials for innovation using electrophysiology and bioimpedance methodology

Course contents

• Electrolytes
• Dielectrics
• Electrical properties of molecules & tissues
• Instrumentation and measurement, data
• Models and some selected applications

Prerequisites

Basics of:- Physics/Chemistry- Electronic- Cellular physiology

Literature

• S. GRIMNES / O.G. Marinsen, Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity Basics, Academic Press 2000 ISBN: 0-12-3003260-1
• P.J. RITT et al (eds.) Electrical Bioimpedance methodes: Application to Medicine and Biotechnology, Annals of the N.Y. Academy of Siences, Volume 873, 1999,ISBN: 1-57331-190-1

Assessment methods

• written final exam

Course description

This course focuses on pratical application of microcontroller basics and programming techniques in a biomedical engineering context. The utilisation of microcontroller peripheral units via the C programming language and the design of the OpenEEG amplifier will be shown and the firmware to measure bioelectric signals using a microcontroller and this data to a PC will be programmed in small groups.

Methodology

Lecture slides Practical exercises Programming tasks Project works

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• utilize peripheral units like GPIO, UART and ADC
• implement register-based programs in C programming language
• explain SW- and HW-components of an EEG acquisition device

Course contents

• AVR (resp. TI ARM Cortex-M4) microcontrollers, peripheral units (GPIO, ADC, UART), Interrupts
• C-programming using GCC, AVRStudio
• Embedded biomedical devices, sensors and actuators, implants

Prerequisites

- C-Programmierung - electronics basics

Literature

• Elliot William: Make: AVR Programming –Learning to write Software for Hardware 2014 – first edition, Maker Media, ISBN: 978-1449355784

Assessment methods

• Immanente Leistungsbeurteilung

Course description

This course provides an overview of both the latest practical and the current theoretical leadership theories. One of the course’s fundamental components will be the reflection of own behaviour regarding particular issues concerning leadership in project management.

Methodology

Theory inputTeamworkRole play

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• identify and to explain tasks and instruments of leadership (for example delegation, agreement on objectives).
• explain classical management models (for example leading continuum, Maturity Model) and to apply to practical examples.
• describe different assumptions about human nature (for example McGregor) and to derive the consequences for the leading of co-workers.

Course contents

• Leadership styles and instruments (for example staff appraisal)
• Motivation, promotion and development of employees
• Leadership functions versus professional tasks
• Consequence of “not leading”
• Role of the leader in a change process
• Dealing with crises, success and failures

Prerequisites

Team Management Skills

Literature

• Daft, R. (2008): New Era of Management, Mason/Ohio:Thomson
• Pettinger, R. (2007): Introduction to Management, Houndmills/Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan
• Schermerhorn, J. (2008): Management, Hoboken/New Jersey: John Wiley

Assessment methods

• An individual reflection paper about the leadership issues encountered in the semester and how the knowledge about leadership was applied.

Anmerkungen

This course may reflect team experiences from elsewhere, e.g from the Project Related Teamwork course.

Course description

- The students finalise their one-year project together with the external project sponsors- The results will be presented and documented

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• plan and manage a project for a team
• handle the project autonomously
• agitate and solve a scientific task and to document the results
• implement a project for an external project sponsor
• [WIAM04] plan the phases of a scientic study, conduct it precisely, document it comprehensibly, and to ensure the comprehensibility, dependability, plausibility and transferability other problems areas and contexts

Course contents

• Knowledge, skills and methods necessary for the specific project
• Problem analysis, developing concepts, evaluating problem solution approaches
• Project management and documentation
• Scientific working

Prerequisites

This course further elaborates the project activities from the first semester course Project Related Teamwork 1

Literature

• Templates
• topic specific literature

Assessment methods

• Repetitive project meetings with the responsible supervisor
• Project documentation (Documentation)*
• 2 pages paper (Paper)*
• Final presentation
• Scientific poster*The documents of the first semester are to be used as basis and to be adapted

Course description

Geometric Optics, Microscopy Techniques & Spectroscopy (including medical applications)

Methodology

Frontal lecture Advanced Optics Laboratory exercises (spectroscopy + microscope, mechanical eye model)

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain Maxwell's equations and simple conclusions from them
• define basic properties of light and the behavior at interfaces (refraction, (total) reflection, polarization, Fresnel formulas, Brewster law)
• represent applications of optical components (lenses, mirrors, prisms, optical fibers, diffraction gratings, classical light sources, LED, laser, polarizers) simple optical systems (light microscope)
• represent applications of optical components (lenses, mirrors, prisms, optical fibers, diffraction gratings, classical light sources, LED, laser, polarizers) and of simple optical systems (light microscope)
• define spherical aberrations, coma, astigmatism, chromatic aberration, distortions, explain Abbe's diffraction limit, classifying Zernike polynomials with respect to the context
• illustrate discussed microscopic techniques and their advantages, represent the functioning of the human eye based on the eye model
• present basics of spectroscopy and explain medical application of scattering (Raman, Brillouin)

Course contents

• Motivational introduction to modern optical topics (computer-generated holograms, laser physics, metamaterials)
• Meaning of the Maxwell's equations + simple conclusions from them, behavior of light rays in propagation + at interfaces (refraction, (total) reflection, Brewstergesetz, Fresnel formulas)
• Overview of optical components (lenses, mirrors, prisms, optical fibers, diffraction gratings, classical light sources, LED, lasers, polarizers), thin & thick lenses, mirrors (image construction, matrix method)
• Aberrations (characterization, minimization, spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, distortion, chromatic aberration, Abbe diffraction limit, Zernike polynomials)
• Microscopy techniques + mechanical eye Model
• Spectroscopy in general with focus on: Raman and Brillouin scattering

Prerequisites

Basics of Analysis and Algebra, Basics of Physics

Literature

• Bergmann & Schäfer. "Lehrbuch der Experimentalphysik". Band 3. Optik. 2004.
• Bergmann & Schäfer. "Lehrbuch der Experimentalphysik". Band 3. Optik. 2004.
• Born & Wolf. "Principles of Optics". 1999

Assessment methods

• Written exam
• 1 Laboratory protocol

Course description

This Lecture builds up knowledge about the algorithms and the basics of artificial intelligence (AI) and soft computing

Methodology

Theory, Examples, Excercises

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• describe agents and environments
• decribe the concept of rational behavior
• destinguish between different problem environments
• distinguish between agent structures
• name problem-solving agents
• design a kind of goal-based agent
• distinguish between problem types
• do a graph search with partial information
• find a defined problem formulation
• name the basic search algorithms including: e.g. uninformed search strategies
• enabling a constraint satisfactory search
• using informed search strategies
• define the first heuristic functions for the informed search
• know, how to apply simulated annealing techniques
• know how to apply evolutionary algorithms

Course contents

• Basic algorithms of artificial Intelligence
• Agents
• Problem Solving strategies
• Informed Search
• Constrain Satisfactory Problems
• AI and Games

Literature

• Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (Prentice Hall Series in Artificial Intelligence) Stuart Russell, Peter Norvig

Assessment methods

• Exercises (20%) and project (80%)

Course description

The course is subdivided in two parts:- Part 1 covers physical fundamentals of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) related to electrical appliances including regulatory basics for product conformity- Part 2 focuses on effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the human body, including regulatory basics for limiting personal exposure against EMFs, as well as electromagnetic influences on implants

Methodology

Lessons and practical homework (1 assignment, chosen from several proposals)The course will be held in 10 units (6:35 - 9:00 p.m. each)One of these units will be held as an excursion to the EMC labs in Seibersdorf (approx. 35 km southeast of Vienna)For a detailed schedule of the units, please see semester planDetails about the excursion will be negotiated in the course between lecturer and students

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• identify potential problems of electromagnetic compatibility during product development
• apply the fundamental EMC design rules in practice
• name the most important directives, standards and guidelines relevant for EMC comformity assessment of medical equipment and use them to assess the properties of a device in view of the underlying legal requirements
• estimate the relevance of exposure situations in practice
• name the technical possibilities of exposure assessment, their advantages and drawbacks and their limitations
• identify potentially harzardous situations regarding electromagnetic interference with electronic implants in practice
• name the most important directives, standards and guidelines relevant for limiting personal exposure against electromagnetic fields

Course contents

• Part 1 (Lamedschwandner):
• Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
• EMC conformity assessment
• European Union directives and CE marking of products
• The EMC directive
• EMC standards
• EMC test methods
• Functional safety and EMC
• Development of electrical appliances with respect to EMC
• Design basics
• Printed circuit board design
• Cabling, grounding and shielded cables
• EMC filters, ferrites and box shielding
• Economic EMC design principle
• Part 2 (Schmid):
• Biophysical basics
• Effects of electromagnetic fields on the human body
• Excitation of cells by induced currents (low frequency fields)
• Tissue heating by power absorption (radio frequency and microwave fields)
• Other reported, but not yet established effects
• Safety limits and regulatory basics
• Exposure assessment methods
• Electromagnetic interference with implants
• Malfunction of electronic implants
• Concentration of currents by metallic implants
• Movement of ferromagnetic implants in strong magnetic fields

Prerequisites

Fundamentals of electrical engineering

Literature

• Lamedschwandner K. EMC for MBE – Part 1, Chapter 1-3. Presentation Slides. Available in download section of the course
• Paul CR. 2006. Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2nd Edition, Wiley, New York, ISBN: 978-0-471-75500-5
• Schmid G. EMC for MBE. Part 2, EMF Safety. Presentation Slides. Available in download section of the course

Assessment methods

• Solution and Presentation of homework (50%)
• Written exam (50%)

Course description

The course introduces the main processes and steps of implementing quality management systems for design and development and putting to market of medical devices. It provides the necessary steps for addressing regulatory issues in an application oriented perspective.

Methodology

Lectures will introduce the topics. Students will extend their knowledge and skills in small assignments.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• describe and handle processes to address regulatory issues of medical devices, regarding especially the “Medical Device Directive”
• use quality management systems to address regulatory issues in a structured way
• describe and perform measures of risk management, generally and in the sense of a "Medical IT-Network Risk Manager" (IEC 80001-1).

Course contents

• Medical Device Directive and Harmonised Standards (ISO 13485, ISO 14971, EN 60601-x, IEC 80001-1, …). Case examples and experiences from the steps of medical device development, from the initial concept to market. Classification, methods for evaluation of conformity). Risk analysis, risk analysis case file. software as medical device, CE mark, accredited and notified bodies. Basic introduction to further regulations (EMC, biocompatibility, RoHS...). Basic of clinical trials. EU- vigilance system. IVD`s, AIMDD. International requirements (FDA, CMDCAS, GxP, UL, ...).
• Case studies and experiences from medical device development from the idea to marketability. Classification, methods for conformity testing. Risk analysis, software as medical device, CE marking, accredited and notified bodies.
• Further fields of expertise (EMC, Biocompatibility, RoHS...). Clinical evaluation. EU vigilance system. IVDs, AIMDD. International requirements (FDA, CMDCAS, GxP, UL, ...).

Prerequisites

- Basic concepts of device or software development. - Basic concepts of quality.

Literature

• See learning platform

Assessment methods

• Final exam and smaller assignements

Course description

We want to understand what "eHealth" actually is, which applications exist, what needs to be done to implement it, on the legal side, in IT systems, in the medical system and economically. How can we evaluate eHealth applications e.g. costs - benefit? We will look at eHealth with the eyes of politicians, patients, economists, industry, medical experts. The course uses a “Problem Based Learning” (PBL) approach. Students will experience the views of different stakeholders in an additional business role playing game.

Methodology

The course uses problem based learning, triggered by brief presentations from the lecturer. As a result this students will develop evidence based recommendations to stakeholders. A role playing game will enable us to understand how the stakeholders act, and provoke feedback to the recommendations.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain requirements and recent examples of applications of eHealth
• critically consider literature and other sources of information for evaluating eHealth applications
• consider the views of different stakeholders in designing eHealth applications

Course contents

• requirements and recent examples of applications of eHealth
• basic introduction into the socioeconomic environment of eHealth (reimbursement, sustaining resources, legal issues)
• engineering concepts for eHealth

Prerequisites

Basic knowledge of software development, familiarity with the medical field

Literature

• eHealth Action Plan 2012-2020 (http://ec.europa.eu/health/ehealth/docs/com_2012_736_en.pdf)

Assessment methods

• Seminar paper: Evidence based recommendation to stakeholders

Anmerkungen

Attendance to relevant events (congresses, workshops: eHealth Summit, HL7 Jahrestagung, IHE Day, ...) can be accredited for the course, contact the lecturers.

Course description

The students acquire skills required for their master’s studies such as the language and techniques for a successful technical project presentation in English, as well as for participation in current discussions of new forms of economy and business in a global professional context

Methodology

Seminar

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• present and defend technical projects and papers such as their master’s thesis in English before an exam committee;
• convey information, initiate and participate in discussions on emerging economic and corporate forms such as “The Economy for the Common Good”; Benefit Corporations/B-Corporations; Social Entrepreneurship Projects etc. in the students’ global professional context

Course contents

• Structure of a technical project presentation
• Presentation techniques and relevant language
• Presentation of a recent or current technical project
• Team presentation/discussion on the theory and practice of one of the following topic areas: “The Economy for the Common Good”; Benefit Corporations/B-Corporations; Social Entrepreneurship Projects etc., in relation to your professional context

Prerequisites

Completion of previous semester course

Literature

• Shooman, D. / (2015): Abstract and Presentation Guidelines, Skriptum
• Additional current handouts

Assessment methods

• active participation in class activities and timely completion of assignments

Course description

The course imparts basic knowledge of ethics in medicine to the students. The focus is on raising the awareness of the relevance of ethical questions in engineering and medicine and their ethical impacts on society and the training of ethical decision-making and argumentation.

Methodology

Seminar: Theory InputsCase StudiesGroup workEthical arguingDiscussions

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• outline selected basic terms and principles of medical ethics (for example moral status, allocation ethics, concepts of health and disease/disabilities) by the means of simple examples.
• apply ethical standards to latest research developments in selected actual case studies in medicine and engineering.
• describe the steps of ethical decision-making and argumentation and to apply them in selected case studies for ethical assessment of conflicting issues in the field of research and medicine.

Course contents

• Fundamental positions of ethical decision-making and argumentation
• Experiments with human subjects and animals
• Ethics issues of resource allocation
• Ethical concepts to health-disease/illness-disabilities
• Intercultural ethical aspects of medicine and engineering
• Medical information systems (eHealth, data security, privacy, confidentiality)

Literature

• Literature at the beginning of the course

Assessment methods

• Course with an immanent character (grade):
• Introduction into a chosen topic by the student
• Hand out
• The student is leading a discourse about the chosen in the group

Course description

A basic understanding of “scientific life” is given, covering writing rules, strategies for scientific papers publishing, "how to find RELEVANT literature", and how to survive a scientific conference.

Methodology

Upfront teaching, group work, students presentation

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• Explain the structure of a scientific paper
• Write a scientific abstract according to scientific journals rules
• Can explain the process from having a first idea to getting a paper accepted
• Can prepare a scientfic presentation (oral, poster) for a scientific conference

Course contents

• What to do before a (scientific) paper is written
• Structures of scientific papers
• Basics of scientific writing
• Literature search, Inside PubMed
• Critical Comments about today's publication behavior
• What else is needed to get a publication accepted
• The review
• The Scientific Conference
• Paper / Poster Presentation

Prerequisites

Basic writing skills

Literature

• http://www.icmje.org

Assessment methods

• Quality of a self written abstract
• Evaluation of other abstrracts
• Quality of "scientific conference like" presentation
• Evaluation of presentations
• Written exam

Course description

A collection of mathmatical methods in the field of non-parametric statistics are presented. These can be used for planning experiments. Obtaining , organizing, summarizing presenting and analysing this data will be followed up by interpreting it and drawing conclusions based on this data sets.

Methodology

Lecture & Examples

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• justify a research question in the field of non-parametric statistics after identifying the current state of the art with regard to scientific considerations, formulate the question comprehensibly and to define verifiable target criteria
• plan the phases of a scientic study, conduct it precisely, document it comprehensibly, and to ensure the comprehensibility, dependability, plausibility and transferability to other problems areas and contexts
• relate research questions and results to a medical environment

Course contents

• Testing methods for frequencies
• Testing methods for rank-data
• Tesing methods for cardinal data
• Relationship metrics and their tests
• Agreement metric

Prerequisites

Parametric Statistics. The only mathematical prerequisite needed for the material found in the outline is arithmetic and some basic algebra.

Literature

• Elementary Statistics, Mario F. TriolaPublication Date: January 6, 2011 | ISBN-10: 0321694503 | ISBN-13: 978-0321694508 | Edition: 11
• Nonparametric Statistics for Health Care Research Statistics for Small Samples and Unusual Distributions Second Edition ISBN 978 - 1 - 4522 - 8196 - 4 (pbk.: alk. paper) Medicine ? Statistical methods. Nonparametric statistics.

Assessment methods

• writen exam 50%
• moolde examples 50%

Course description

Theory of Multivariate Statistics

Methodology

Interactive Lecture with lots of MatLab examples and assignments

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• do Multiple Regression Analysis
• name MVA Techniques
• test and prepare statistical data
• do a Factor Analysis
• do an independent component analysis
• find classificators and do general pattern recognition
• analyse time and synchronisation problems using using statistical methods
• apply support vector machines SVM to problems
• analyse nonstationary problems using statistical methods

Course contents

• Multiple Regression Analysis
• Classification of MVA Techniques
• Basis of MVA – testing and preparing data
• Factor Analysis
• ICA – independent component analysis
• Classification / Pattern Recognition
• Time and synchronisation Problems
• SVM
• Nonstationary Problems

Prerequisites

Statistics and linear algebra, MatLab

Literature

• Multivariate Data Analysis by Joseph F. Hair
• Computer-Aided Multivariate Analysis by Abdelmonem Afifi
• Pattern Classification by Richard O. Duda
• Independent Component Analysis by Aapo Hyvarinen

Assessment methods

• Assignments

Course description

This lecture gives an overview on the wide field of medical equipment installed and used in hospitals, the special focus is laid upon - how is the equipment used- what is required for its proper installation and application.

Methodology

Presentations, Excursions,

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain the function and application of the most important medical equipment
• explain the key parameters for a technical evaluation of the most important medical equipment
• explain the pre-installation - requirements of the most important medical equipment for a functional and proper installation of the equipment
• explain the processes of hospital planning using examples

Course contents

• Project Phases in Hospital Project
• Basics of functional Hospital Planning (Zoning, Layout)
• special requirements for electrical installations in a hospital (UPS, line impedance, ...)
• Medical Equipment from A to Z

Prerequisites

Basics of Anatomy, Physiology, Physics, Electrical engineering and Mechanics

Literature

• See material in the campus system

Assessment methods

• Multiple choice exam (Computer) at the end of the semester

Course description

Basics of applied optics for medical devices

Methodology

Presentation of contentSolution of ExamplesExcursion

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• analyze paraxial optical systems based on matrix method (incl. Matlab and comparison with Zemax performed analysis)
• explain different methods of electromagnetic wave propagation (thin element approximation, local plane interface approximation, plane wave decomposition, local plane wave approximation)
• explain basic properties of human eye (Cornea, iris, lens, anterior and posterior chamber, retina)
• explain the general interactions of electromagnetic waves with materials (refraction, diffraction, reflection, absorption, scattering, Plasmon-polaritons, surface plasmons, extinction)
• Explaining of optical aberrations with Zernike polynomials and measuring them within the mechanical eye model.

Course contents

• see learning outcomes

Prerequisites

Advanced optics course

Assessment methods

• Lab protocol and final exam

Course description

This course provides an introduction into the technologies used to record and analyze data from biosignals.

Methodology

Lectures about theory and background, practical demonstrations, practical student work using Matlab.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• develop an algorithm in Matlab to recognize patterns in annotated biosignal data and to measure its performance by applying state-of-the-art signal processing and pattern recognition technologies (machine learning).
• describe the most important concepts related to polysomnographic sleep scoring (e.g. sleep stages, transient patterns, scoring standards).

Course contents

• Basics about biosignal recording: sensor positions, recording settings, referencing,
• Basics about biosignal processing: spectral analysis, frequency bands, filtering, event-related potentials (ERP) analysis,
• Introduction to polysomnography: sleep stages, transient patterns like spindles, scoring standards,
• Practical student work using Matlab: European Data Format (EDF), signal processing toolbox,
• Artifacts and their treatment: types of artifacts, artifact minimization and rejection,
• Sleep analysis: Somnolyzer 24x7 as a reliable sleep stager, quality reviewing of automatic analysis, models of sleep as a continuum,
• Spatial EEG analysis: topography, source localization methods: low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA),
• Applications: EEG, ERP and sleep studies in clinical practice and scientific research

Prerequisites

Basic statistics. Matlab knowledge is helpful but not mandatory.

Literature

• Kemp, Bob, et al. "A simple format for exchange of digitized polygraphic recordings." Electroencephalography and clinical Neurophysiology 82.5 (1992): 391-393.
• Anderer, Peter, et al. "Artifact processing in computerized analysis of sleep EEG – a review." Neuropsychobiology 40 (1999): 150-157.
• Kemp, Bob, and Jesus Olivan. "European data format ‘plus’(EDF+), an EDF alike standard format for the exchange of physiological data." Clinical Neurophysiology 114.9 (2003): 1755-1761.
• Anderer, Peter, et al. "Advanced analysis of pharmaco-sleep data in humans." Neuropsychobiology 72 (2015): 178-187.
• Moreau, Arnaud, et al. "Detection of noctural scratching movements in patients with atopic dermatitis utilizing accelerometers and recurrent neural networks." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 22 (2018): 1011-1018.

Assessment methods

• Project in small groups

Course description

Methods for Image processing for medical image technologies, e.g. CT, PET

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• list and explain the usage of file formats
• perform simple operations of image processing in intensity, image and spatial space
• visualize and render image data for display
• describe the basics of the fusion of multimodal image data

Course contents

• Image representation, file formats, and simple operations
• Operations in intensity space
• Filters and image transforms
• Spatial Transformations
• Registration
• Visualization and Rendering

Literature

• See course material in the campus system

Assessment methods

• Course immanent assessment method and end exam

Course description

This course introduces different aspects of ventilation, lung simulation and the measurement of aerosols in respiratory processes and demonstrates the practical application in laboratory exercises

Methodology

Seminars, Group Work, Laboratory Experiments

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• apply the basics of ventilation techniques
• identify and explain potential methods of lung simulation
• explain aerosol production and measurement techniques and apply them practically

Course contents

• Function of the lung
• Techniques for ventilation
• Methods for simulation of human lung
• Techniques for aerosol production
• Techniques for aerosol measurement

Prerequisites

Lung Anatomy and Physiology, Basics in fluid dynamics

Literature

• Teaching material in the moodle course

Assessment methods

• Laboratory Protocols
• Final exam

Course description

The objective of this class is to provide an understanding how healthcare markets work and how market participants behave there. Students will learn how companies can use marketing tools to successfully conduct analyses, develop strategies and place products in the healthcare market.

Methodology

Lectures with Powerpoint charts, discussions and case studies of marketing- and businessplanning. In addition students will prepare a marketing plan for a new product.

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• explain the economic behavior of supply and demand on markets
• describe and evaluate the various types of markets
• explain and evaluate various marketing strategies, particularly in connection with the product life cycle
• evaluate the instruments of the “Marketing Mix” to achieve specific marketing goals
• develop an understanding of the medical market processes
• prepare a marketing plan for a health care product

Course contents

• Healthcare markets, essential elements of microeconomic theory (Demand and supply, market types based on competition etc.), basics of healthcare marketing (Mix of marketing tools, strategies, marketing plan, sales call)

Literature

• Walter J. Wessels – Economics, Barrons 2012, 5th Edition, ISBN 13: 978-0764147609Recommended for Marketing:
• Philip Kotler, Kevin Lane Keller, Friedhelm Bliemel - Marketing Management
• Fred Harms, Dorothee Gänshirt - Gesundheitsmarketing
• Nils Bickhoff, Svend Hollensen, Marc Opresnik - The Quintessence of Marketing

Assessment methods

• Marketing Plan, oral exam

Anmerkungen

This class will partly be conducted for both students of MTE and MBE in the 3rd semester.

Course description

This course gives an overview and offers experience reports from thematic fields in which alumni of this study program might work

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• discuss current topics from the field of medical engineering and eHealth
• discuss interfaces of medical engineering and eHealth to related fields of competence

Course contents

• Overview on tasks and activities within the topics of the study program and beyond

Literature

• Slide sets of the lecturers

Assessment methods

• Course immanent assessment method

Course description

- Literature research towards the direction of the Master's Thesis - Practical work in a company, healthcare institution or research institution using biomedical engineering skills and methods

Methodology

Supervision of practical work experience in writing scientific texts presentations

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• analyse a scientific task and elaborate an adequate solution
• elaborate own results in a scientific paper according to given formal criteria and structure

Course contents

• Practical work in a company, healthcare institution or research institution
• writing scientific papers
• Students perform literature research towards the topic of their Master's Thesis and write an extended abstract which will be presented

Prerequisites

- Scientific Working

Assessment methods

• Assessment of practical work
• Scientific quality of written abstract and presentation performance

Course description

The course will help groups of students to prepare their masters thesis by providing a platform for exchange and feedback.

Methodology

Students will present and discuss their diploma theses in small groups under the guidance of a lecturerThe groups will provide feedback on the content and on the presentation

Learning outcomes

After passing this course successfully students are able to ...

• Practical experience in presentations of own work and science writingProviding constructive feedback on the work of others
• [WIAM06] relate research results to industry, society, the economy or the environment

Anmerkungen

Use this course to polish your presentation for the final panel exam.